ASP.NET Developer Interview Questions
ASP.NET, Microsoft's server-side web application framework, stands at the forefront of robust and scalable web application development. As enterprises endeavor to build dynamic web platforms, the mastery of ASP.NET developers becomes undeniably crucial. This guide introduces a selection of 25 questions, meticulously curated to probe a developer's expertise in the ASP.NET framework, MVC architecture, and database integrations. By implementing these queries into their recruitment strategies, organizations can ensure they recruit developers well-versed in harnessing the power of ASP.NET for optimized web solutions.
How does ViewState maintain the state of controls in ASP.NET?
Answer: ViewState is a hidden field encoded with Base64 that stores control state data between postbacks.
What is the role of a Global.asax file?
Answer: It allows defining application-wide and session-wide events, such as Application_Start, Session_Start, and others.
Explain the concept of "Middleware" in ASP.NET Core.
Answer: Middleware components are chained together to form a request pipeline for handling requests and responses.
How do you handle exceptions in ASP.NET MVC?
Answer: By using try-catch blocks, custom error pages, HandleError attributes, and global exception handling.
Describe Dependency Injection in ASP.NET Core.
Answer: It's a technique to achieve Inversion of Control by injecting dependencies into classes rather than creating them internally.
How does the Razor view engine differ from the traditional ASP.NET view engine?
Answer: Razor has a streamlined syntax, uses "@" for code, and seamlessly integrates code with HTML, making it more readable.
How do you implement security in ASP.NET applications?
Answer: Using authentication, authorization, securing configurations, input validation, and the ASP.NET Identity system.
Explain the difference between TempData, ViewData, and ViewBag.
Answer: TempData retains data for the duration of a single request, ViewData transfers data from controller to view, and ViewBag uses dynamic properties for the same purpose.
What is Entity Framework?
Answer: It's an ORM framework to interact with databases using .NET objects without focusing on the underlying database queries.
How can you optimize the performance of an ASP.NET application?
Answer: Implement caching, minimize ViewState, optimize database queries, and use bundling and minification.
Describe Web API in ASP.NET.
Answer: Web API is a framework for building HTTP services that can be consumed by a variety of clients, including browsers and mobile devices.
What is OWIN?
Answer: OWIN (Open Web Interface for .NET) defines an abstraction between .NET web servers and web applications, facilitating the decoupling of both.
How would you handle multiple languages or localization in ASP.NET?
Answer: Using resource files (.resx) to store strings and ASP.NET's built-in localization features to switch between languages.
What are HttpHandlers and HttpModules?
Answer: HttpHandlers generate the response to a request, while HttpModules plug into the lifecycle of a request, handling events like authentication.
Describe SignalR.
Answer: SignalR facilitates real-time communication between the server and client, commonly used for chat applications and real-time notifications.
How do you manage session state in ASP.NET?
Answer: Through various modes like InProc, StateServer, SQLServer, and custom mode.
Explain LINQ and its advantages.
Answer: LINQ (Language Integrated Query) allows querying collections in a declarative manner, offering type-checking, IntelliSense support, and unified querying across sources.
What is the use of the "RouteConfig" file in ASP.NET MVC?
Answer: It defines URL patterns and routes to map requests to controllers and actions.
How do you ensure data validation in ASP.NET?
Answer: Using validation controls, model validation, and data annotations.
What is Web.config? Why is it used?
Answer: Web.config is a configuration file for ASP.NET web applications, used to define settings like connection strings, authentication, and more.
Describe the role of the "Controller" in an ASP.NET MVC application.
Answer: The Controller handles the user's request, interacts with the model, and selects a view to render the response.
How can you implement AJAX in ASP.NET applications?
Answer: Using the AJAX Control Toolkit, jQuery AJAX, or the built-in UpdatePanel control.
What is the purpose of Areas in ASP.NET MVC?
Answer: Areas help in modularizing an ASP.NET MVC application, allowing separation of functionalities into distinct sections.
How do you handle database migrations in Entity Framework?
Answer: Using the "Code First" approach with migration commands like `Add-Migration` and `Update-Database` to track and apply changes to the database schema.
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